Subpart E--Compensation and Related Benefits

Compensation for Disability and Impairment

Sec. 10.400 What is total disability?

(a) Permanent total disability is presumed to result from the loss of use of both hands, both arms, both feet, or both legs, or the
loss of sight of both eyes. However, the presumption of permanent total disability as a result of such loss may be rebutted by
evidence to the contrary, such as evidence of continued ability to work and to earn wages despite the loss.

(b) Temporary total disability is defined as the inability to return to the position held at the time of injury or earn equivalent
wages, or to perform other gainful employment, due to the work-related injury. Except as presumed under paragraph (a) of this
section, an employee's disability status is always considered temporary pending return to work.

Sec. 10.401 When and how is compensation for total disability paid?

(a) Compensation is payable when the employee starts to lose pay if the injury causes permanent disability or if pay loss
continues for more than 14 calendar days. Otherwise, compensation is payable on the fourth day after pay stops.
Compensation may not be paid while an injured employee is in a continuation of pay status or receives pay for leave.

(b) Compensation for total disability is payable at the rate of 66\2/3\ percent of the pay rate if the employee has no dependents,
or 75 percent of the pay rate if the employee has at least one dependent. (``Dependents'' are defined at 5 U.S.C. 8110(a).)

Sec. 10.402 What is partial disability?

An injured employee who cannot return to the position held at the time of injury (or earn equivalent wages) due to the
work-related injury, but who is not totally disabled for all gainful employment, is considered to be partially disabled.

Sec. 10.403 When and how is compensation for partial disability paid?

(a) 5 U.S.C. 8115 outlines how compensation for partial disability is determined. If the employee has actual earnings which
fairly and reasonably represent his or her wage-earning capacity, those earnings may form the basis for payment of
compensation for partial disability. (See Secs. 10.500 through 10.520 concerning return to work.) If the employee's actual
earnings do not fairly and reasonably represent his or her wage-earning capacity, or if the employee has no actual earnings,
OWCP uses the factors stated in 5 U.S.C. 8115 to select a position which represents his or her wage-earning capacity.
However, OWCP will not secure employment for the employee in the position selected for establishing a wage-earning
capacity.

(b) Compensation for partial disability is payable as a percentage of the difference between the employee's pay rate for
compensation purposes and the employee's wage-earning capacity. The percentage is 66\2/3\ percent of this difference if the
employee has no dependents, or 75 percent of this difference if the employee has at least one dependent.

(c) The formula which OWCP uses to compute the compensation payable for partial disability employs the following terms: Pay
rate for compensation purposes, which is defined in Sec. 10.5(s) of this part; current pay rate, which means the salary or wages
for the job held at the time of injury at the time of the determination; and earnings, which means the employee's actual earnings,
or the salary or pay rate of the position selected by OWCP as representing the employee's wage- earning capacity.

(d) The employee's wage-earning capacity in terms of percentage is computed by dividing the employee's earnings by the
current pay rate. The comparison of earnings and ``current'' pay rate for the job held at the time of injury need not be made as
of the beginning of partial disability. OWCP may use any convenient date for making the comparison as long as both wage
rates are in effect on the date used for comparison.

(e) The employee's wage-earning capacity in terms of dollars is computed by first multiplying the pay rate for compensation
purposes by the percentage of wage-earning capacity. The resulting dollar amount is then subtracted from the pay rate for
compensation purposes to obtain the employee's loss of wage-earning capacity.

Sec. 10.404 When and how is compensation for a schedule impairment paid?

Compensation is provided for specified periods of time for the permanent loss or loss of use of certain members, organs and
functions of the body. Such loss or loss of use is known as permanent impairment. Compensation for proportionate periods of
time is payable for partial loss or loss of use of each member, organ or function. OWCP evaluates the degree of impairment to
schedule members, organs and functions as defined in 5 U.S.C. 8107 according to the standards set forth in the specified (by
OWCP) edition of the American Medical Association's Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment.

(a) 5 U.S.C. 8107(c) provides a list of schedule members. Pursuant to the authority provided by 5 U.S.C. 8107(c)(22), the
Secretary has added the following organs to the compensation schedule for injuries that were sustained on or after September
7, 1974:

Member
Weeks
Breast (one)
52
Kidney (one)
156
Larynx
160
Lung (one)
156
Penis
205
Testicle (one)
52
Tongue
160
Ovary (one)
52
Uterus/cervix and vulva/vagina
205

(b) Compensation for schedule awards is payable at 66\2/3\ percent of the employee's pay, or 75 percent of the pay when the
employee has at least one dependent.

(c) The period of compensation payable under 5 U.S.C. 8107(c) shall be reduced by the period of compensation paid or
payable under the schedule for an earlier injury if:

(1) Compensation in both cases is for impairment of the same member or function or different parts of the same member or
function, or for disfigurement; and

(2) OWCP finds that compensation payable for the later impairment in whole or in part would duplicate the compensation
payable for the pre-existing impairment.

(d) Compensation not to exceed $3,500 may be paid for serious disfigurement of the face, head or neck which is likely to
handicap a person in securing or maintaining employment.

Sec. 10.405 Who is considered a dependent in a claim based on disability or impairment?

(a) Dependents include a wife or husband; an unmarried child under 18 years of age; an unmarried child over 18 who is
incapable of self- support; a student, until he or she reaches 23 years of age or completes four years of school beyond the high
school level; or a wholly dependent parent.

(b) Augmented compensation payable for an unmarried child, which would otherwise terminate when the child reached the age
of 18, may be continued while the child is a student as defined in 5 U.S.C. 8101(17).

Sec. 10.406 What are the maximum and minimum rates of compensation in disability cases?

(a) Compensation for total or partial disability may not exceed 75 percent of the basic monthly pay of the highest step of grade
15 of the General Schedule. (Basic monthly pay does not include locality adjustments.) However, this limit does not apply to
disability sustained in the performance of duty which was due to an assault which occurred during an attempted assassination of
a Federal official described under 10 U.S.C. 351(a) or 1751(a).

(b) Compensation for total disability may not be less than 75 percent of the basic monthly pay of the first step of grade 2 of the
General Schedule or actual pay, whichever is less. (Basic monthly pay does not include locality adjustments.)

Compensation for Death

Sec. 10.410 Who is entitled to compensation in case of death, and what are the rates of compensation payable in death cases?

(a) If there is no child entitled to compensation, the employee's surviving spouse will receive compensation equal to 50 percent
of the employee's monthly pay until death or remarriage before reaching age 55. Upon remarriage, the surviving spouse will be
paid a lump sum equal to 24 times the monthly compensation payment (excluding compensation payable on account of another
individual) to which the surviving spouse was entitled immediately before the remarriage. If remarriage occurs at age 55 or
older, the lump-sum payment will not be paid and compensation will continue until death.

(b) If there is a child entitled to compensation, the compensation for the surviving spouse will equal 45 percent of the
employee's monthly pay plus 15 percent for each child, but the total percentage may not exceed 75 percent.

(c) If there is a child entitled to compensation and no surviving spouse, compensation for one child will equal 40 percent of the
employee's monthly pay. Fifteen percent will be awarded for each additional child, not to exceed 75 percent, the total amount
to be shared equally among all children.

(d) If there is no child or surviving spouse entitled to compensation, the parents will receive compensation equal to 25 percent
of the employee's monthly pay if one parent was wholly dependent on the employee at the time of death and the other was not
dependent to any extent, or 20 percent each if both were wholly dependent on the employee, or a proportionate amount in the
discretion of the Director if one or both were partially dependent on the employee. If there is a child or surviving spouse entitled
to compensation, the parents will receive so much of the compensation described in the preceding sentence as, when added to
the total percentages payable to the surviving spouse and children, will not exceed a total of 75 percent of the employee's
monthly pay.

(e) If there is no child, surviving spouse or dependent parent entitled to compensation, the brothers, sisters, grandparents and
grandchildren will receive compensation equal to 20 percent of the employee's monthly pay to such dependent if one was
wholly dependent on the employee at the time of death; or 30 percent if more than one was wholly dependent, divided among
such dependents equally; or 10 percent if no one was wholly dependent but one or more was partly dependent, divided among
such dependents equally. If there is a child, surviving spouse or dependent parent entitled to compensation, the brothers, sisters,
grandparents and grandchildren will receive so much of the compensation described in the preceding sentence as, when added
to the total percentages payable to the children, surviving spouse and dependent parents, will not exceed a total of 75 percent
of the employee's monthly pay.

(f) A child, brother, sister or grandchild may be entitled to receive death benefits until death, marriage, or reaching age 18.
Regarding entitlement after reaching age 18, refer to Sec. 10.417 of these regulations.

Sec. 10.411 What are the maximum and minimum rates of compensation in death cases?

(a) Compensation for death may not exceed the employee's pay or 75 percent of the basic monthly pay of the highest step of
grade 15 of the General Schedule, except that compensation may exceed the employee's basic monthly pay if such excess is
created by authorized cost-of-living increases. (Basic monthly pay does not include locality adjustments.) However, the
maximum limit does not apply when the death occurred during an assassination of a Federal official described under 18 U.S.C.
351(a) or 18 U.S.C. 1751(a).

(b) Compensation for death is computed on a minimum pay rate equal to the basic monthly pay of an employee at the first step
of grade 2 of the General Schedule. (Basic monthly pay does not include locality adjustments.)

Sec. 10.412 Will OWCP pay the costs of burial and transportation of the remains?

In a case accepted for death benefits, OWCP will pay up to $800 for funeral and burial expenses. When an employee's home
is within the United States and the employee dies outside the United States, or away from home or the official duty station, an
additional amount may be paid for transporting the remains to the employee's home. An additional amount of $200 is paid to
the personal representative of the decedent for reimbursement of the costs of terminating the decedent's status as an employee
of the United States.

Sec. 10.413 If a person dies while receiving a schedule award, to whom is the balance of the schedule award payable?

The circumstances under which the balance of a schedule award may be paid to an employee's survivors are described in 5
U.S.C. 8109. Therefore, if there is no surviving spouse or child, OWCP will pay benefits as follows:

(a) To the parent, or parents, wholly dependent for support on the decedent in equal shares with any wholly dependent brother,
sister, grandparent or grandchild;

(b) To the parent, or parents, partially dependent for support on the decedent in equal shares when there are no wholly
dependent brothers, sisters, grandparents or grandchildren (or other wholly dependent parent); and

(c) To the parent, or parents, partially dependent upon the decedent, 25 percent of the amount payable, shared equally, and the
remaining 75 percent to any wholly dependent brother, sister, grandparent or grandchild (or wholly dependent parent), shared
equally.

Sec. 10.414 What reports of dependents are needed in death cases?

If a beneficiary is receiving compensation benefits on account of an employee's death, OWCP will ask him or her to complete a
report once each year on Form CA-12. The report requires the beneficiary to note changes in marital status and dependents. If
the beneficiary fails to submit the form (or an equivalent written statement) within 30 days of the date of request, OWCP shall
suspend compensation until the requested form or equivalent written statement is received. The suspension will include
compensation payable for or on behalf of another person (for example, compensation payable to a widow on behalf of a child).
When the form or statement is received, compensation will be reinstated at the appropriate rate retroactive to the date of
suspension, provided the beneficiary is entitled to such compensation.

Sec. 10.415 What must a beneficiary do if the number of beneficiaries decreases?

The circumstances under which compensation on account of death shall be terminated are described in 5 U.S.C. 8133(b). A
beneficiary in a claim for death benefits should promptly notify OWCP of any event which would affect his or her entitlement to
continued compensation. The terms ``marriage'' and ``remarriage'' include common-law marriage as recognized and defined by
State law in the State where the beneficiary resides. If a beneficiary, or someone acting on his or her behalf, receives a check
which includes payment of compensation for any period after the date when entitlement ended, he or she must promptly return
the check to OWCP.

Sec. 10.416 How does a change in the number of beneficiaries affect the amount of compensation paid to the other
beneficiaries?

If compensation to a beneficiary is terminated, the amount of compensation payable to one or more of the remaining
beneficiaries may be reapportioned. Similarly, the birth of a posthumous child may result in a reapportionment of the amount of
compensation payable to other beneficiaries. The parent, or someone acting on the child's behalf, shall promptly notify OWCP
of the birth and submit a copy of the birth certificate.

Sec. 10.417 What reports are needed when compensation payments continue for children over age 18?

(a) Compensation payable on behalf of a child, brother, sister, or grandchild, which would otherwise end when the person
reaches 18 years of age, shall be continued if and for so long as he or she is not married and is either a student as defined in 5
U.S.C. 8101(17), or physically or mentally incapable of self-support.

(b) At least twice each year, OWCP will ask a beneficiary receiving compensation based on the student status of a dependent
to provide proof of continuing entitlement to such compensation, including certification of school enrollment.

(c) Likewise, at least twice each year, OWCP will ask a beneficiary or legal guardian receiving compensation based on a
dependent's physical or mental inability to support himself or herself to submit a medical report verifying that the dependent's
medical condition persists and that it continues to preclude self-support.

Adjustments to Compensation

Sec. 10.420 How are cost-of-living adjustments applied?

(a) In cases of disability, a beneficiary is eligible for cost-of- living adjustments under 5 U.S.C. 8146a where injury-related
disability began more than one year prior to the date the cost-of-living adjustment took effect. The employee's use of
continuation of pay as provided by 5 U.S.C. 8118, or of sick or annual leave, during any part of the period of disability does
not affect the computation of the one- year period.

(b) Where an injury does not result in disability but compensation is payable for permanent impairment of a covered member,
organ or function of the body, a beneficiary is eligible for cost-of-living adjustments under 5 U.S.C. 8146a where the award for
such impairment began more than one year prior to the date the cost-of-living adjustment took effect.

(c) In cases of recurrence of disability, where the pay rate for compensation purposes is the pay rate at the time disability
recurs, a beneficiary is eligible for cost-of-living adjustments under 5 U.S.C. 8146a where the effective date of that pay rate
began more than one year prior to the date the cost-of living adjustment took effect.

(d) In cases of death, entitlement to cost-of-living adjustments under 5 U.S.C. 8146a begins with the first such adjustment
occurring more than one year after the date of death. However, if the death was preceded by a period of injury-related
disability, compensation payable to the survivors will be increased by the same percentages as the cost- of-living adjustments
paid or payable to the deceased employee for the period of disability, as well as by subsequent cost-of-living adjustments to
which the survivors would otherwise be entitled.

Sec. 10.421 May a beneficiary receive other kinds of payments from the Federal Government concurrently with
compensation?

(a) 5 U.S.C. 8116(a) provides that a beneficiary may not receive wage-loss compensation concurrently with a Federal
retirement or survivor annuity. The beneficiary must elect the benefit that he or she wishes to receive, and the election, once
made, is revocable.

(b) An employee may receive compensation concurrently with military retired pay, retirement pay, retainer pay or equivalent
pay for service in the Armed Forces or other uniformed services, subject to the reduction of such pay in accordance with 5
U.S.C. 5532(b).

(c) An employee may not receive compensation for total disability concurrently with severance pay or separation pay.
However, an employee may concurrently receive compensation for partial disability or permanent impairment to a schedule
member, organ or function with severance pay or separation pay.

(d) Pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 8116(d), a beneficiary may receive compensation under the FECA for either the death or disability of
an employee concurrently with benefits under title II of the Social Security Act on account of the age or death of such
employee. However, this provision of the FECA also requires OWCP to reduce the amount of any such compensation by the
amount of any Social Security Act benefits that are attributable to the Federal service of the employee.

(e) To determine the employee's entitlement to compensation, OWCP may require an employee to submit an affidavit or
statement as to the receipt of any Federally funded or Federally assisted benefits. If an employee fails to submit such affidavit or
statement within 30 days of the date of the request, his or her right to compensation shall be suspended until such time as the
requested affidavit or statement is received. At that time compensation will be reinstated retroactive to the date of suspension
provided the employee is entitled to such compensation.

Sec. 10.422 May compensation payments be issued in a lump sum?

(a) In exercise of the discretion afforded under 5 U.S.C. 8135(a), OWCP has determined that lump-sum payments will not be
made to persons entitled to wage-loss benefits (that is, those payable under 5 U.S.C. 8105 and 8106). Therefore, when
OWCP receives requests for lump-sum payments for wage-loss benefits, OWCP will not exercise further discretion in the
matter. This determination is based on several factors, including:

(1) The purpose of the FECA, which is to replace lost wages;

(2) The prudence of providing wage-loss benefits on a regular, recurring basis; and

(3) The high cost of the long-term borrowing that is needed to pay out large lump sums.

(b) However, a lump-sum payment may be made to an employee entitled to a schedule award under 5 U.S.C. 8107 where
OWCP determines that such a payment is in the employee's best interest. Lump-sum payments of schedule awards generally
will be considered in the employee's best interest only where the employee does not rely upon compensation payments as a
substitute for lost wages (that is, the employee is working or is receiving annuity payments). An employee possesses no
absolute right to a lump-sum payment of benefits payable under 5 U.S.C. 8107.

(c) Lump-sum payments to surviving spouses are addressed in 5 U.S.C. 8135(b).

Sec. 10.423 May compensation payments be assigned to, or attached by, creditors?

(a) As a general rule, compensation and claims for compensation are exempt from the claims of private creditors. This rule does
not apply to claims submitted by Federal agencies. Further, any attempt by a FECA beneficiary to assign his or her claim is null
and void. However, pursuant to provisions of the Social Security Act, 42 U.S.C. 659, and regulations issued by the Office of
Personnel Management (OPM) at 5 CFR part 581, FECA benefits, including survivor's benefits, may be garnished to collect
overdue alimony and child support payments.

(b) Garnishment for child support and alimony may be requested by providing a copy of the State agency or court order to the
district office handling the FECA claim.

Sec. 10.424 May someone other than the beneficiary be designated to receive compensation payments?

A beneficiary may be incapable of managing or directing the management of his or her benefits because of a mental or physical
disability, or because of legal incompetence, or because he or she is under 18 years of age. In this situation, absent the
appointment of a guardian or other party to manage the financial affairs of the claimant by a court or administrative body
authorized to do so, OWCP in its sole discretion may approve a person to serve as the representative payee for funds due the
beneficiary.

Sec. 10.425 May compensation be claimed for periods of restorable leave?

The employee may claim compensation for periods of annual and sick leave which are restorable in accordance with the rules
of the employing agency. Forms CA-7a and CA-7b are used for this purpose.

Overpayments

Sec. 10.430 How does OWCP notify an individual of a payment made?

(a) In addition to providing narrative descriptions to recipients of benefits paid or payable, OWCP includes on each periodic
check a clear indication of the period for which payment is being made. A form is sent to the recipient with each supplemental
check which states the date and amount of the payment and the period for which payment is being made. For payments sent by
electronic funds transfer (EFT), a notification of the date and amount of payment appears on the statement from the recipient's
financial institution.

(b) By these means, OWCP puts the recipient on notice that a payment was made and the amount of the payment. If the
amount received differs from the amount indicated on the written notice or bank statement, the recipient is responsible for
notifying OWCP of the difference. Absent affirmative evidence to the contrary, the beneficiary will be presumed to have
received the notice of payment, whether mailed or transmitted electronically.

Sec. 10.431 What does OWCP do when an overpayment is identified?

Before seeking to recover an overpayment or adjust benefits, OWCP will advise the beneficiary in writing that:

(a) The overpayment exists, and the amount of overpayment;

(b) A preliminary finding shows either that the individual was or was not at fault in the creation of the overpayment;

(c) He or she has the right to inspect and copy Government records relating to the overpayment; and

(d) He or she has the right to present evidence which challenges the fact or amount of the overpayment, and/or challenges the
preliminary finding that he or she was at fault in the creation of the overpayment. He or she may also request that recovery of
the overpayment be waived.

Sec. 10.432 How can an individual present evidence to OWCP in response to a preliminary notice of an overpayment?

The individual may present this evidence to OWCP in writing or at a pre-recoupment hearing. The evidence must be presented
or the hearing requested within 30 days of the date of the written notice of overpayment. Failure to request the hearing within
this 30-day time period shall constitute a waiver of that right.

Sec. 10.433 Under what circumstances can OWCP waive recovery of an overpayment?

(a) OWCP may consider waiving an overpayment only if the individual to whom it was made was not at fault in accepting or
creating the overpayment. Each recipient of compensation benefits is responsible for taking all reasonable measures to ensure
that payments he or she receives from OWCP are proper. The recipient must show good faith and exercise a high degree of
care in reporting events which may affect entitlement to or the amount of benefits. A recipient who has done any of the
following will be found to be at fault with respect to creating an overpayment:

(1) Made an incorrect statement as to a material fact which he or she knew or should have known to be incorrect; or

(2) Failed to provide information which he or she knew or should have known to be material; or

(3) Accepted a payment which he or she knew or should have known to be incorrect. (This provision applies only to the
overpaid individual.)

(b) Whether or not OWCP determines that an individual was at fault with respect to the creation of an overpayment depends
on the circumstances surrounding the overpayment. The degree of care expected may vary with the complexity of those
circumstances and the individual's capacity to realize that he or she is being overpaid.

Sec. 10.434 If OWCP finds that the recipient of an overpayment was not at fault, what criteria are used to decide whether to waive recovery of it?

If OWCP finds that the recipient of an overpayment was not at fault, repayment will still be required unless:

(a) Adjustment or recovery of the overpayment would defeat the purpose of the FECA (see Sec. 10.436), or

(b) Adjustment or recovery of the overpayment would be against equity and good conscience (see Sec. 10.437).

Sec. 10.435 Is an individual responsible for an overpayment that resulted from an error made by OWCP or another
Government agency?

(a) The fact that OWCP may have erred in making the overpayment, or that the overpayment may have resulted from an error
by another Government agency, does not by itself relieve the individual who received the overpayment from liability for
repayment if the individual also was at fault in accepting the overpayment.

(b) However, OWCP may find that the individual was not at fault if failure to report an event affecting compensation benefits,
or acceptance of an incorrect payment, occurred because:

(1) The individual relied on misinformation given in writing by OWCP (or by another Government agency which he or she had
reason to believe was connected with the administration of benefits) as to the interpretation of a pertinent provision of the
FECA or its regulations; or

(2) OWCP erred in calculating cost-of-living increases, schedule award length and/or percentage of impairment, or loss of
wage-earning capacity.

Sec. 10.436 Under what circumstances would recovery of an overpayment defeat the purpose of the FECA?

Recovery of an overpayment will defeat the purpose of the FECA if such recovery would cause hardship to a currently or
formerly entitled beneficiary because:

(a) The beneficiary from whom OWCP seeks recovery needs substantially all of his or her current income (including
compensation benefits) to meet current ordinary and necessary living expenses; and

(b) The beneficiary's assets do not exceed a specified amount as determined by OWCP from data furnished by the Bureau of
Labor Statistics. A higher amount is specified for a beneficiary with one or more dependents.

Sec. 10.437 Under what circumstances would recovery of an overpayment be against equity and good conscience?

(a) Recovery of an overpayment is considered to be against equity and good conscience when any individual who received an
overpayment would experience severe financial hardship in attempting to repay the debt.

(b) Recovery of an overpayment is also considered to be against equity and good conscience when any individual, in reliance
on such payments or on notice that such payments would be made, gives up a valuable right or changes his or her position for
the worse. In making such a decision, OWCP does not consider the individual's current ability to repay the overpayment.

(1) To establish that a valuable right has been relinquished, it must be shown that the right was in fact valuable, that it cannot be
regained, and that the action was based chiefly or solely in reliance on the payments or on the notice of payment. Donations to
charitable causes or gratuitous transfers of funds to other individuals are not considered relinquishments of valuable rights.

(2) To establish that an individual's position has changed for the worse, it must be shown that the decision made would not
otherwise have been made but for the receipt of benefits, and that this decision resulted in a loss.

Sec. 10.438 Can OWCP require the individual who received the overpayment to submit additional financial information?

(a) The individual who received the overpayment is responsible for providing information about income, expenses and assets as
specified by OWCP. This information is needed to determine whether or not recovery of an overpayment would defeat the
purpose of the FECA, or be against equity and good conscience. This information will also be used to determine the repayment
schedule, if necessary.

(b) Failure to submit the requested information within 30 days of the request shall result in denial of waiver, and no further
request for waiver shall be considered until the requested information is furnished.

Sec. 10.439 What is addressed at a pre-recoupment hearing?

At a pre-recoupment hearing, the OWCP representative will consider all issues in the claim on which a formal decision has
been issued. Such a hearing will thus fulfill OWCP's obligation to provide pre- recoupment rights and a hearing under 5 U.S.C.
8124(b). Pre-recoupment hearings shall be conducted in exactly the same manner as provided in Sec. 10.615 through Sec.
10.622.

Sec. 10.440 How does OWCP communicate its final decision concerning recovery of an overpayment, and what appeal right accompanies it?

(a) OWCP will send a copy of the final decision to the individual from whom recovery is sought; his or her representative, if
any; and the employing agency.

(b) The only review of a final decision concerning an overpayment is to the Employees' Compensation Appeals Board. The
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 8124(b) (concerning hearings) and 5 U.S.C. 8128(a) (concerning reconsiderations) do not apply to
such a decision.

Sec. 10.441 How are overpayments collected?

(a) When an overpayment has been made to an individual who is entitled to further payments, the individual shall refund to
OWCP the amount of the overpayment as soon as the error is discovered or his or her attention is called to same. If no refund
is made, OWCP shall decrease later payments of compensation, taking into account the probable extent of future payments,
the rate of compensation, the financial circumstances of the individual, and any other relevant factors, so as to minimize any
hardship. Should the individual die before collection has been completed, collection shall be made by decreasing later
payments, if any, payable under the FECA with respect to the individual's death.

(b) When an overpayment has been made to an individual who is not entitled to further payments, the individual shall refund to
OWCP the amount of the overpayment as soon as the error is discovered or his or her attention is called to same. The
overpayment is subject to the provisions of the Federal Claims Collection Act of 1966 (as amended) and may be reported to
the Internal Revenue Service as income. If the individual fails to make such refund, OWCP may recover the same through any
available means, including offset of salary, annuity benefits, or other Federal payments, including tax refunds as authorized by
the Tax Refund Offset Program, or referral of the debt to a collection agency or to the Department of Justice.